Professional development after graduation - advantages & disadvantages

Is a professional Further Training a fitting Alternatives to a postgraduate course? A practical complement to the theoretical Study it can always be – if certain conditions are met.

Advantages of continuing vocational training

Despite all the practical parts, postgraduateCourses are often quite theoretical. In addition, they can usually only be completed with a considerable investment in time and money. Therefore the question arises: Are there alternatives to a university one? Further Training? And maybe after a theory-heavy degree, it's just one qualification useful, which is directly related to the practical work life has to do? Vocational training can be the right path here. In the majority of cases, however, it leads completely away from the original field of study to completely different professional fields. However, this may be an acceptable consequence for graduates who wanted to turn their backs on traditional humanities work anyway. However, further training is not the same as further training. In order to find the right offer in the confusing market, you have to consider a whole series of points when searching.

What is professional development? - definition

The German Bildungsrin 1970, at defined the entire complex of further training as “continuation or resumption of organized learning after the completion of a first training phase of varying lengths... The end of the first training phase and thus the beginning of possible further training is usually marked by entry into full employment... Short-term training or training on Workplace does not belong in the framework of further education” (German Education Council 1970, 197). In specialist literature, continuing education is often referred to as adult education (cf. Tippelt 1999, 11). Three types of educational opportunities are summarized under the heading of continuing education:

General training

The general training includes all further training offers that are not directly job-related. In practice, she is not always light to be distinguished from further vocational training, since key qualifications such as Teamwork, creativity or media competence also in Job become more and more important. Foreign languages ​​are used for general personality development as well as for better ones Communication at work. General continuing education also includes political and cultural continuing education.

University education

The university further education has to Objectivewhich Background of participants after graduating, or to keep them up to date, just as postgraduateCourses do. However, further education at universities is also open to professionals without a first degree who now want to learn how to work scientifically.

continuing Professional Education

Continuing vocational training is the classic field for courses to deepen or supplement professional knowledge. What used to be known as advanced training is now known as “advanced training” in Book III of the Social Code. In practice there is also between retraining and advancement trainingA distinction is made between training and adaptation training.

expert

Xpert was introduced by the German adult education centers and comparable European educational institutions and is the umbrella brand for teaching professional and personal Competencies for everyday work. Xpert certificates can, for example, be awarded in the areas of PC use, Business, Personal Business Skills and Culture Communication Skills can be acquired. The participants themselves determine who attends the Xpert events. How this works can be demonstrated using the example of Xpert Personal Business Skills: The participants can choose from 12 seminars in four areas of competence – organizing, presenting, negotiating and moderating. Each seminar ends with a written exam, and a certificate is issued for passing. After completing three modules from at least two areas of competence, the “Xpert Personal Business Skills” certificate is issued, after two additional modules from at least one other area of ​​competence the certificate “Xpert Personal Business Skills Pro” is issued. Attending a workshop ultimately leads to the “Xpert Personal Business Skills Master” degree. The price for the seminars is usually moderate: with a maximum of ten participants, it is €60 for three seminars or 220 hours of instruction. Xpert further training is funded by the Federal Employment Agency. The Xpert certificates are not professional qualifications, they are not recognized by the state. However, the name Xpert stands for high-quality further education with content and examinations that are standardized throughout Europe.

Training and retraining

The Vocational Training Act subdivides further vocational training into further training and retraining. Further training serves to maintain and expand the professional knowledge and skills of employees or the unemployed or to adapt them to the current level of knowledge in a profession. The retraining, on the other hand, is intended to enable a new professional activity. In both cases, the content, type, aim, duration and examinations can be regulated by statutory orders from the Federal Ministry for Education and research to be regulated. However, state regulations are only mandatory for retraining for a recognized training occupation (BBiG § 1, 3-4; § 25; § 46-47). The Federal Institute for Vocational Training (BIBB) offers an overview of possible advanced training professions on its website.

degrees

In contrast, the majority of further training qualifications are not regulated by law. Only part of the further training is state-run and is recognized throughout Germany. The trainers often issue their own certificates, the acceptance of which on the job market is not always guaranteed. It is therefore not easy to compare training courses at national level. A comparison of further training courses abroad is even more difficult, since there have been hardly any binding regulations for training courses in the course of the Bologna process recognition created by vocational training qualifications. There are already some proposals and ideas, which are intended to provide more transparency. If you want to find out more about this, we recommend the website of the European Commission. About the international recognition of further education qualifications in the various Industries also inform the relevant professional associations.

Forms of further training

However, not only the content, but also the type of further training is difficult to define. “It is particularly disputed to what extent, in addition to 'classic' further education in the form of training courses, less formalized types of knowledge acquisition are still to be regarded as further education. This applies, for example, to operational Measures promoting learning in the workplace, self-learning through observation and experimentation, self-directed learning with the help of media, reading specialist books or specialist journals, as well as quality or workshop circles and other participation groups" (Kuwan et al., 7f.). Professional training can therefore be anything that provides further training in the truest sense of the word: a conference, a language course at the adult education center, distance training or reading books. Further education institutions can be public and private providers such as universities and adult education centers, church and trade union institutions or professional associations and chambers, but also individuals. Some trainers specialize in vocational or political education, while others cover the entire spectrum.

Which fields of work are open to humanities scholars with further training?

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