Present confidently: How to reach your audience [9 times checklist]

The idea of ​​having to speak freely in front of others drives many People beads of sweat on his forehead. What if I suddenly can't think of anything anymore? Or when I'm up Ask don't know the answer? But the successful one Presentation of your own skills is an important career building block in many professions today, which you should also use to get ahead.

This is how you turn uncertainties and knowledge gaps into strengths

If you are a perfectionist and want to do everything well, you put yourself under unnecessary pressure and there is a high risk that something will go wrong. You are human and not perfect. On the contrary:

make small mistakes sympathisch, Perfection works fast unapproachable. Better: Get rid of your fears – even if the presentation doesn't go XNUMX%, it probably won't be the end of you Jobs. Prepare yourself well, but do it yourself clearthat you just can't answer all the questions. And do some relaxation exercises.

Do not be scared

The books on the subject (advertising)

The Objective A successful presentation is to get your own content and positions across in such a way that the audience accepts them. Ms. M. makes a mistake that is often made: she tries to guess what the audience wants to know and to prepare as much as possible for all questions and objections so that she is presented in a good light.

Unfortunately, she will hardly be able to do this, because she is not a clairvoyant. Your attitude also has nothing to do with optimal preparation, much more speaks from it Anxiety and before Criticism. But this puts her in a defensive position from the start - not a good prerequisite for a self-confident one Appear.

What do you want to say?

Always peel out the core! When preparing a presentation, first make it clear what content you want to convey – for example: “Our Company is the best."

Think about what is the core message of your presentation and make it the guiding principle that keeps coming back in the course of the presentation. Then clarify why you are actually holding the presentation. Make yourself a list of your motives - depending on what you want to achieve, align your presentation form later. You want to:

Sovereign occur thanks to expertise

Discounts for your success (advertising)!

The facts for what your Opinions after it is important to be said, you should really have it ready. If it then turns out during the presentation itself that your listeners expected something completely different from you, you can deal with criticism much more confidently:

After all, you have prepared optimally and implemented exactly what you imagined in the topic.

What kind of occasion does your presentation have?

Make sure in advance which one Sinn and purpose of your presentation.

• Information…
• do you want to support others
• or convince?
• inform others - then your presentation should focus factually and neutrally on facts
• to draw attention to yourself and your ideas - then your presentation should be convincing
• To promote support - then your presentation should be emotional
• motivating or supporting others - then your presentation requires psychological empathy
• Entertain your audience - then your presentation should be easy and funny

Checklist: Clothes make people

Your outfit is one of the first things that people perceive in you - not the doctoral degree, expertise, or communication skills. Thirty seconds are enough. And there is no second chance for this first impression.

• Choose your wardrobe with the utmost care - listeners will notice stains, tears and wrinkles one hundred percent. Pay special attention to places that you think you can not really see - such as your shoes and socks.
• Stick to the motto: "Tell me what you are wearing and I will tell you who you are". Choose your style consciously according to the occasion, but in such a way that the clothing also underlines your personality. Because you put the audience in this drawer.
• Pay attention to the occasion according to color: Dark, saturated colors signal rather authority / seriousness, bright colors have a dominant effect. But especially with tall people, they are sometimes too dominant and intimidating.
• Create a contrast between light and dark colors. The higher the contrast, the more competent you will be.
• Pay attention to quality: High-quality fabrics always look nobler, more successful and more competent than cheap ones. And who looks like that, you also trust something accordingly.
• Avoid anything that might distract you: Clinking Bangles, Excessive Jewelery, Silver and Gold Mixed Jewelry, Fat Watches, Rustling Fabrics, Flashy Patterns, Exuberant Outfits, Patterned Stockings, Flashy Shoes, Strong Perfumes. If special accessories are part of your personality, use them sparingly as a personal touch.
• Underline your face, which is in the foreground of the presentation, with a chic hairstyle, a beautiful, not too flashy glasses and - in women - discreet make-up.
• In general, bewitch your audience with facts, not with a flashy but inappropriate outfit.

Even if things are different ...

Of course, your audience can be very different than expected, for example, you have counted with professionals and find lay people. Maybe it's also an open lecture and the group is completely mixed. Or people are just different than you thought - unfortunately you can not plan something like that. However, you can avoid some pitfalls by informing and thinking about the audience in advance. For example, do not host an entertainment show if you have announced a serious lecture. Your listeners are not undefinable masses.

And of course you must not forget your audience during the preparation. Because you do not keep your presentation in front of a wall, but want to evoke an echo. And to make sure that this is as positive as possible, you should first find out who your audience is, because it makes a difference whether you speak in front of an expert audience or lay people, before boys or old people.

Checklist: Stay always confident in presentations

You can do that if you include the audience from the outset. Please consider:

• Which listeners do I have to deal with? Is the composition heterogeneous or homogeneous?
• What interest do the listeners have in the lecture?
• What expertise do the listeners have?
• Which language will you most understand?
• At which level do I meet the audience (eg human-sympathetic or objective)?
• What reactions do I expect or expect from the audience?

Negative beliefs

Many people are afraid of speaking in front of an audience because it makes you stand out from the crowd feel and at the same time have to face their criticism. They see the audience as a black mass more ruthless critic because as people to whom they want to convey something.

Such fears usually arise from negative experiences and, over time, condense into beliefs such as “I just can't speak freely” or “I'm just a boring speaker”.

Do not be scared!

Ms. M., for example, has often heard the criticism that as a public relations specialist, she has a little bit of everything, but she does not know anything.

So she thinks, “At the convention for sure all experts who know a lot more about the individual special topics than I do”. However, she forgets that these experts certainly have more knowledge of your topic, but they lack the overview.

Make them positive beliefs

Such negative beliefs can make sure that what you fear as a self-fulfilling prophecy actually materializes.

But you can actively do something about it - by making sure your presentation is successful yourself and thus getting rid of the negative ones positive replace experiences. And by highlighting your strengths and weaknesses analyze and work with.

This is how you deal with fears and stage fright

Do not try to get used to stage fright, because it is important. In stage fright, your body spills out the stress hormone adrenaline, which spurs you to peak performance. If you stand in front of your audience and you do not care, it will not be a good and rousing lecture. And your audience will certainly be less aware of your nervousness than you think. Nevertheless, with a few measures you can reduce the tension slightly:

• Before you start, look for a quiet space where you can meditate for a few minutes or at least relax. Use also breathing and vocal exercises.
• If you are shaking: Stand up straight and press your palms together in front of your chest as if you wanted to swim. With this you dissipate the internal tremor, influence the adrenaline release and strengthen the speech muscles in the chest and neck.
• With autosuggestion you can replace your negative beliefs with positive ones: “I am well prepared”, “I will be good”, “I look forward to my listeners”. Repeat these forms for a few minutes until you believe it yourself.
• Alcohol, valerian or other tranquillizers can help, but also be cumbersome, because at the same time you also lose your ability to react. Plus, you never know for sure how medications work on you. And there is a danger of addiction.
• Do not look at the audience as threatening, black masses, but as people who want to reach you. Make eye contact with those who seem well-disposed to you: for these people, you are holding your presentation.
• Basically: Find a quiet place to relax in advance and try to get down.

Checklist: The best preparation

But not only that circumstances are important, you should also be optimally prepared.

• Start the preparation in good time so that you do not run out of time.
• Read the tips above to prepare for a meeting, to research information and to build up the reasoning above, and also to heed this for the preparation of your presentation.
• If you are well versed in the topic, write meaningful keywords on index cards - these will ensure that you do not forget anything. Or make a note of the most important headlines on a headline sheet to keep track.
• If you are unfamiliar with the topic: Write the full text of the presentation. Then read it so often that looking at the beginning of the sentence is enough to keep the subject in mind. Avoid reading from the script.
• Pay attention to emphasis and pauses in the right places: So you can achieve good effects. Read voice exercises.
• Arrange your documents, then is also order in your head. Do not just quote quotations, but write them verbatim in your redeman's script or on the cards - so you avoid hectic swearing on the table.
• Practice your speech four times. Record yourself in sound (for example, on a computer or with a cassette recorder) or picture (with a digital or video camera) yourself. Let constructive feedback from well-meaning but critical friends.
• Memorize the first four minutes of your presentation: then you will have time to calm down during the lecture.
• Which media do you want to use? Beamer, Overhead, Video, Flipchart? Plan the use of media directly when writing. Then familiarize yourself with the presentation technology on site.
• Come on time, well rested, physically and mentally fit for the lecture. If you are ill, cancel the presentation better if possible. If that does not work, point out your poor condition at the beginning.
• A glass of wine is better not to prepare. Make sure you are sufficiently familiar with the presentation media.

How to skilfully deal with your own weaknesses

Do not make yourself a target. You can not eliminate all weaknesses even with optimal preparation. And unfortunately your listeners do not always react the way you want them to. Some listeners are looking for mistakes.

There is only one thing to do: make yourself very well aware of your strengths and weaknesses so that you can handle them confidently.

Analyze your strengths and weaknesses

Create a table for your strengths and weaknesses as shown below. But do not just list these in writing:

Also record how you deal with the properties in a result-oriented manner and how you want to use them. Important: Don't just criticize your weaknesses, criticize them forms Be positive and think constructively about the benefits you still get from it:

Power	potential for improvement	Bring
Expertise
Professional experience in the PR field	Well-founded Reche, good style at the lecture	To convey to the listener my expertise as a PR specialist
individual competence
creativity	I can structure my ideas even better.	Surprise the listener with new ideas
social skills
communication skills	I can respond even more to the audience	Involve the audience, respond to them
Conceptual competence
Vision capability	I can better structure my ideas.	I can convince listeners with my ideas

weaknesses	Decrease by:	Still useful because:
Expertise
Something about everything, but no special knowledge	Contacts to specialists	Communicate knowledge in such a way that everyone understands it, submitting information later on special questions
individual competence
I am nervous quickly, then speak too fast	I do relaxation exercises and pay attention to good breathing	Precisely because I speak fast, I can also get some people excited
social skills
I am often offended by criticism	I practice sovereignty and repartee.	I specifically seek eye contact with nice listeners.
Conceptual competence
I am a bit chaotic on occasion	If I organize and structure better, I can do everything better	I am flexible and can decide spontaneously in difficult situations

Once you have made it clear how to handle your weaknesses positively, you can confidently handle them in the presentation as well.

Start the escape to the front

Face criticism confidently. Ms. M. is late for the presentation. Actually unforgivable, but she smiles charmingly at the group: "You know, the traffic, and unfortunately I left too late..." A clever immunization tactic: She gives the offense Honestly and doesn't make excuses.

So criticism becomes ineffective

When you openly admit your shortcomings, you take the wind out of the sails of a potential critic, because you make them boring: they would only repeat what you have already said yourself. The immunization works especially in the case of misconduct of so-called secondary virtues such as punctuality or Order.

If you are concerned about an objection, you can anticipate it and refute it: “A question that is often asked at this point…”, “You must have noticed that…”, “You will definitely ask yourself the question…” or "You are probably asking right away ..." This shows that you have thought through the whole topic.

The Do's:

• Prepare yourself as well as you can, what You: want to say.
• Be aware of your weaknesses as well as your strengths, so that you know what you can build on and what you still need to work on.
• Always check how the audience reacts to the lecture.
• Speak for everyone understandable, practical and in pictures, so that everyone gets along well, what it is about.
• Stand your legs apart in hip width so that you have a firm, self-confident stance on critique.

The Don'ts:

• Not only do you get the tips from the rhetoric course and counselors, but also develop your own presentation style.
• Do not talk to your audience - even if it hails criticism. Otherwise you lose your credibility.
• Do not overshadow the audience with facts and terms they do not understand.
• Do not look down on the audience and do not constantly try to prove your competence: it seems arrogant and unsympathetic.
• Do not prance around and do not play around with me - that is unsonisfactory.

Caught - and now?

Ms. M. has tried to order and Structure to bring into the presentation, but it is criticized for its messy documents.

Counter criticism confidently

An embarrassed justification doesn't seem confident: "Unfortunately, I didn't get to close the notes sortieren…”. Equally inappropriate is the snippy reply: “That's not you Problem!” Better: quick-wittedness with a dose of humor: "I need such a creative chaos".

Yes, exactly: you agree! It can also be tougher: Let the criticism come to nothing by emphasizing your informational character, saying thank you and - agreeing: “Thank you for the hint. Somebody has already told me that ”,“ Of course I'm chaotic - what did you think? ”,“ Well observed that it is chaotic on the table. Now you can also look under the table. " or "You will have to get used to this."

Show your self-confidence

This makes the criticism boring because you confident own up to your weakness. And if you don't care what other people think, you can top it off. To an accusation like "That's not ok..." you answer: "Yes it is."

However, before bringing up such heavier artillery, give it a try sovereignty and kindness. Openly admit weaknesses when they are approached and try not to make excuses. That makes you likeable. Do not be embarrassed, but stand firm and secure: you have finally made it clear where your weaknesses lie, but what you can do with them!

Cleverly transfer to another topic

The motto is: honest, but not embarrassed. Just divert to a topic that you are familiar with to get from dangerous black ice to safe ground. However, this requires rhetorical skill, so it does not seem like an excuse or an escape.

You should quickly move off the ice. During the presentation, Ms. M. is asked about a technical detail that she has no idea about. She replies: "This detail is rather secondary to the overall understanding, but thanks for your interjection: To make it clear to you, let me explain the main function of the device again using an example" - and you are back with your well-prepared script .

Reset the throw-in

You can also postpone the throw-in: “This is an interesting statement. But I would like to deliberately go into this later. ” or “Your question is absolutely justified. But before that we have to… ”. Also good: refer to the end of the presentation: "This requires a detailed answer, which I can give you better in a one-on-one interview." You save time and with a bit of luck the listener will have forgotten to insert it.

Fight back

Perhaps you don't just want to distract yourself, but also want to defend yourself at the same time, for example against the accusation that you have no idea: "I have my lack of Deselect always successfully compensated with a flourishing imagination.”

An exciting start is already the half success

The first impression counts. This also applies to presentations. Therefore, your entry should sit.

Checklist: With a top entry from the beginning to distract from weaknesses

The first few minutes are crucial: Now you can break the ice, build a good relationship with the listener, captivate him and at the same time face exaggerated expectations. As a result, you will listen more interested and overlook weaknesses:

• Surprise with the latest information: media reports, explosive industry information or a spontaneous event. Example: "I have gathered all the important arguments from the previous speaker" - and you are holding up a blank sheet of paper.
• If the framework is more conservative, a quote from a well-known authority makes sense, for example: "Here I stand and I can't help it" (Martin Luther) or "The painter Salvador Dali once said: 'If you want to be interested, you have to provoke'. I want to try it out. ” Do not overdo the quotation, otherwise it will look fake.
• It can also be captivating to provoke. Example: "We now turn to the bare facts ..." After the provocation, pause for three seconds. Then weaken the provocation and introduce the topic: ... namely the pure facts. ” Warning: This can get in the eye if you personally provoke your audience.
• You can achieve a relaxed atmosphere with humor. But: the joke has to sit and surprise to be effective. Therefore, never announce: "Here is a humorous story" or "Something funny has happened to me recently" Better: "I prefer to present the slides with my own laptop - at least it does everything I want!"
• Also surprising: start with a completely different topic. Or wake up your audience with a false statement: "As you know, we will have to pay 70% tax next year."
• Jump straight into the topic of the lecture. This is particularly suitable if your skills are undisputed or if you have something particularly interesting to tell. Examples: “Innovation? For sure! But how?" or “Only three things are decisive: performance, profit, future”
• Just as effective: Lure your audience immediately with the benefits that this lecture will bring: "My first three suggestions will show you that ..." or "At the end of the presentation you will have at least ten good ideas .."
• Ask rhetorical questions that you answer yourself during the presentation - ideally three to five in a row. “Why do you think our company has made such high profits in the past? Can we rest on those laurels? What else could we improve? ”
• Put on the beginning a very short, visible effect for all, such as a sketch, slides, a short film, a cartoon or your product.

Include your audience

Why rhetoric is necessary: ​​Not every listener listens patiently and is interested in your explanations and supports the presentation constructively with factual contributions. Unfortunately, there are always those who interrupt, pester you with questions Fun criticize the joy or want to distinguish themselves. Nevertheless, cut a good figure by spontaneously assessing the situation correctly and countering it with quick wit.

Are your listeners

• shy as a deer ...
• spiky and nagging like a hedgehog ...
• or do you babble in between like parrots?

Checklist: dealing with difficult listeners

But how do you deal with difficult listeners? The following overview tells you.

• You have to lure reticent people out of the reserve with very specific questions, such as: "And what is your opinion on this aspect?", Otherwise you don't feel addressed and criticize the presentation afterwards.
• The same tactic works even with disinterested listeners. Even if you silently ask yourself why they are there at all: do not let that show you that will only provoke you unnecessarily.
• Aggressive, irritated listeners intervene loudly, but are not really dangerous because they do not really provide objective arguments. Just ask them for a factual reason: “Why do you think so? Please explain your opinion in detail! ”
• Even whiners who criticize everything, whether you are right or not, can bring you to objection with such a request for objectivity.
• Others are constantly talking in between and do not stop on their own: Consistently interrupt by pointing out the short period of time or steering back to the topic: "But this is about ..." or "Interesting, but this leads a little too far. I actually want to do something else ”
• Also in the presentation there are "class clowns" who make irritating jokes even on serious topics. Involve them through specific questions and let the audience take a stand on it - this loosens up: “Well, Mr. W. made his opinion clear with a lot of humor. What do you make of it?".
• Listeners who attack your skills with cunning questions and want to contest your role are dangerous. "Isn't this study scientifically outdated?" Don't be provoked, stay factual and answer the questions as briefly as possible: "There are different opinions ... Study X shows."

Find friends in the audience

When the audience is on your side, every presentation becomes a success. But you have to do something actively, because unfortunately you can not always put good friends in the audience who nod to you encouragingly and defend you against criticism. A good way: Build sympathy bridges:

• Greet the audience in person before the event, hold a short conversation.
• Praise your listeners - of course only honestly: "There is so much experience gathered here" or "Your skills are undeniable."
• Keep eye contact and pay attention to the reactions: Is someone signaling that he did not understand something? Show empathy: explain the aspect again flexible.
• Speak directly to what you think and feel - that creates emotional ties. Use the I form when you are emotional, but a "we" when you argue rationally. Example: “I am very happy that last financial year went so well. We are planning next year ... ”

Include the audience during the talk

That too is a good tactic: involve other listeners.

• Give questions and objections to the audience. This feels involved and takes care of possible criticism right away.
• Have a dialogue with the participants: "Mr. V., tell us what happened to you."
• Make contact with the audience and relax the atmosphere by introducing them to each other: "Have you already asked your neighbors why you are here?" Or let the audience introduce each other.

Checklist: Make accomplices out of your listeners

Make accomplices out of your listeners. Only use the rhetorical devices, if need be, because the shot can backfire:

• In the event of unjustified criticism, turn to the audience: "Did you hear that?" or just "Hear, Hear." That is very sharp rhetoric, because you assume that the other person is completely absurd and he will be very attacked.
• The little words “about” or “not” appear milder, which inconspicuously convey to the audience the expectation that they may agree with you: “Do you think so too?” "Do not you think that..?". And nod your head a few seconds to support the leading question. Caution: Some listeners feel pressured quickly.
• Also suggestive: vote on the topic of the presentation by formulating the question in such a way that your topic definitely gets the majority: “Do you not agree? All! Then I would like to inform you about it now. ”
• Whatever works wonders: greet your listeners personally.

Skillfully answer all questions

In presentations, it is common for the listener to ask questions afterwards. There are different types of questions - and different ways to address them.

Constructive questions

Questions from the audience can change your presentation decide improve; eg if someone did not understand something that you now explain and thus make it easier for everyone to understand.

Or if you are asked for additional information and complete the presentation with them. A question can also activate knowledge and experiences that you would not otherwise have thought of. Therefore, take each question first positive.

Why ask

But there are also questions to which you initially have no answer. Rhetorical skill is required here so that your presentation is not endangered. You can recognize questions that do not bode well from the “why” at the beginning.

Because the questioner shows his incomprehension and, in the worst case, even makes you a hidden accusation: "Why do you treat this aspect first?", "Why do you interpret the facts in this way?" Do not be provoked or urged to justify yourself. Answer the question calmly - but confidently without “because”: “I find this order more sensible!”

Factual questions

Take this to heart with factual information questions such as "Can you give me the sales figures from the year before last?". Many people like to ask themselves the why question if they don't know the answer: "Oh dear, why don't I know that now?" and accordingly the answer is: "Sorry, I don't know because ...".

Better: confidently confess that you do not know something, but without any justification, and offer to provide the information later. You can also ask the question for discussion. But this only works if the audience plays along and they do not do it too often.

counterquestions

Another Technology: Ask a factual counter-question that is personal but not provocative, such as “How do you always prepare for presentations like this?”. Put extra emphasis on the word “you”.

It makes the questioner talk about himself (which many people like to do anyway) and he's distracted by you.

Offensively confront the objections and criticisms of your listeners

Some objections are really nasty. Then you can not continue with objectivity, but it will only help you with repartee.

The game with the eyes

Look at attacks on the right or left Eye your opponent over. Even more effective, but also more aggressive: Squint!

Banish unwelcome objections

If you do not respond to utterances but do not want to be speechless: Explain the throw-in as trivial that you do not need to answer. At the same time you make ridiculous to the one-thrower. This can become a boomerang, because it only works if the audience is on your side.

Very simple, but rather clumsy: do not let the person throwing in speak at all, say immediately: “Papperlapapp” and continue. A little more subtle: "Who knows where you heard that again?" In doing so, you assume that the other person does not have his own opinion.

Cut off the word

Generalize. Cut the red thread right away. Or: Turn a reproach like "Statistical studies contradict your statements" into a blanket statement, for example:

"Do you always blindly believe any statistic?" In doing so, you indirectly assume that the listener concerned believes in the statistics more than you and that anyone who does so apparently believes everything and is therefore naive. If the listener continues to ride around on his throw-in, he risks losing his image.

irony

Ironize unwanted comments with a deliberate exaggeration. Example: "May I ask something?"

Her answer: "What do you have great things to say?" If necessary, exaggerate to the absurd; in the case of “Why don't you know this detail?” your answer might be: "I can't always walk around with the entire manual under my arm."

superior attitude

This one is very aggressive Method: You will be corrected and reply: “Yes, Mr L. knows it again exactly” and Mr L. is there as a know-it-all.

I do not understand…

Or you simply refuse to understand the throw-in. A simple "I don't understand" is enough without justification and completely dry. Or a quick remark. Your listener says, for example, "I knew something like this when I was 13 and then became an engineer."

They answer dryly: “At 13?” This is based on the general custom: if you don't understand something, the other person has to explain it. With each new utterance you can continue to play the game until the other runs out of air.

Manslaughter arguments - how to remain sovereign anyway

That's one more increase. With manslaughter arguments, your audience will want the scepter travel and you can't think of anything else.

That sits!

Ms. M. presents the new products of the Company for the coming year. Suddenly an interjection: "Well, I don't think anyone would buy something like that." And now? First of all, Ms. M. stops spitting. It would be wrong now to convince the critic with facts (e.g. market studies), because you can't do that anyway and verlieren additionally on Expertise with everyone else, because you justify yourself.

That's behind it!

Dismantle manslaughter arguments by understanding the mechanism behind it: a social consensus, something that everyone supposedly believes in and that always implicitly resonates. For example, the new product is criticized: “Nobody will buy it, studies with thousands of people show that customers.” Make the audience understand the shaky consensus: “What about the other few million?”

Underpin your position

Better: Let the critic think what he wants - but underpin your own position in front of everyone. For example, answer: "We remain friends, even if I have a different opinion!"

Or show yours self-confidence: "I can live with that!" Then break eye contact and just move on. Parry skillfully in battles of words.

Only courage!

A bold variant is a short demonstration: “Who among you in the room wouldn't buy that? Hand high!" They count hands and comment "2 out of 50!" and keep going. You run the risk, of course, that the majority will suddenly vote against you.

But usually the audience solidarises with the speaker and just undecided participants will hardly dare to oppose the majority opinion.

Repeat the charge

It all works particularly well if the homicide argument with “I think…”; "I think ...", "I think ..." or "I don't like ...". But even if the interjection is "Nobody buys that", "That doesn't work anyway", "You fall on your nose", you can use these answers:

Just repeat the reproach, but put a “you believe” or “you find” in front of it. Now you have made it clear that it is only a subjective opinion. Example: “Do you think we would end up on the nose with this? I can live with that!"

Checklist: To breathe the stress away you are always good at voice

nervousness and Stress immediately hit the voice down and reveal your weaknesses. That doesn't have to be the case: train your voice so that you have it under control at all times. You will also learn to breathe calmly and relax at the same time. Do each exercise about three times. With the right tuning technique, you don't need a megaphone, even in large rooms.

• Inhale through the nose and say pf, sh, s, z or w. Breathe out and slowly guide your hand away from your mouth as if you were pulling gum out of your mouth.
• As you inhale, pull your shoulders up, exhale, and drop your shoulder.
• When breathing in, lift your arms up on the side with your palms facing up. Take a deep breath and lower your arms again.
• Do breaststroke movements: If you go forward with your arms, breathe in. When you open the arms and go to the side, you exhale with sch.
• Your arms are hanging next to the body as you breathe in, you are making a fist. While exhaling with pf swing your arms backwards and open your hands.
• The same starting position, only with one arm. Now the arm does not go backwards, but you make a throwing motion forward and speaking l, w, mo or mü.
• After breathing in with one hand, pull an imaginary bubble gum out of your mouth and, breathing out, speak one of those sounds again.
• Breathe in. When you exhale, say l, w, mo or mü lang - short-short - long - short - short. Then take a break.
• Practice the pitch: become higher and lower as you speak. Start with a higher pitch and then slide into a deeper one.
• Listen to the volume: Speak a sound from quiet to loud, as if you're turning a volume knob while keeping the pitch.
• Practice articulation by speaking with a cork between your teeth. Clear speech also slows you down automatically.
• Make sure there is always a glass of water ready.

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