The mediation process is divided into different phases in 3, where the back phases, as can be repeated in a loop, to this later more. Let's take a closer look at the 3 phases.
1. Phase: The first talk
The first meeting does not mean that the future client will make contact, but rather the first meeting together Conversation of the conflicting parties, with the mediator.
Clarify the corner points
In the first interview, the nature and principles of mediation are presented, the mediator introduces himself and explains something of his approach. Even if the principles of mediation are generally binding - the principles are, so to speak, the professional rules of the mediators - the emphasis in the process is weighted differently.
Differences in the mediators
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For example, judges are also trained as mediators who, as so-called judges of justice, conduct a procedure. This newly installed procedure before an actual court hearing should help to relieve the actual courts.
However, due to their professional background, these judges put more emphasis on decision. This is also an overriding one Objective. As a rule, however, the mediators will hardly propose their own solutions.
The rules of the game of communication
The framework is defined in the initial meeting. The mediator gives an estimate of how many joint meetings he expects. Rules of the game about the type of Communication can be set up.
However, the mediator should make sure that the framework is not too narrow. It must also be possible in a mediation that the parties can make themselves air without violating everything which goes.
2. Live theme collection
The second phase follows on seamlessly from the first, usually in the same session. That depends on how fast the "opponents" can agree on the framework of the procedure. In the theme collection, all Problems placed on the table and presented visually.
The subject is formulated in a factual manner
The conflicts are named among others. The theme collection is not limited. It does not have to be limited to the actual field. There is also no evaluation. Everything is written down which burns under the nails. Only the following should be considered when presenting the topics:
- The topics should be presented neutral without evaluation.
- The topic should be named for both positions regardless of the standpoints (which is already a rating!).
- The topic should be presented.
- Moral values as a topic are absolutely taboo.
Example of factual topic finding
An example to better illustrate what has just been written: A is the Opinions B's apple tree, which protrudes into his garden, obstructs the lighting conditions so immensely that only a complete felling helps. B, of course, sees things differently. He thinks A is grossly exaggerating.
- Position A: The apple tree must go!
- Viewpoint B: The apple tree has to stay!
- The topic of both: What happens to the apple tree?
More should not stand at this point!
After picking up the topic comes the clarification of interests. Only when this is completed can one proceed to a Solution a DAK Bungalow.
3. Phase: Clarify the interests
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Clarification of interests - This sounds easier than it is. But most of the time, the (hidden) interest is not in getting law in the true sense. This is the responsibility of the courts. A professional rating by the mediator is not done anyway. The following problem arises.
The "arguments" come into the session with clear fronts for each other. Each party has its point of view, your understanding of law or morality. You are sitting there and are supposed to talk about your topic. Ideally, one after the other and with neutral, non-attackable words.
Behind the stands are the interests
What does that mean in your topic? What has been said in this first phase of the conversation has been the viewpoints. The points of view are only the tip of the iceberg.
The interests are slumbering among the standpoints. And here the real important task of the mediator begins. This is, so to speak, the heart of mediation. The mediator tries to get to the interests of the parties through his questioning technique. This has two effects:
- The interest is what really matters to people, what it takes to fight, to negotiate. The interest in the soil can be completely different from the point of view at the summit.
- If someone talks about his interest, then he is also understood by his counterpart. Points of view can be very abstract. When someone talks about his or her interest, emotions come into play, and the emotional level opens the way to understanding.
The mediator must find the hidden interests
To stay with the apple tree theme. The mediator is now trying to get behind the interests hidden by the viewpoints.
- A has the view that the apple tree must be gone. Why?
- Answer: The garden is very shady. A therefore has the hope to achieve a higher quality of life through the missing apple tree.
- Why does he want to achieve this?
- Answer: That means the quality is not sufficient. Where is the deficit?
By questions to the goal
So the mediator tries, through his Ask to bring the mediant up to its actual needs to bump a higher one Quality of life? Neighbor B naturally also understands this interest.
Who does not have that wish? From the abstract point of view that disturbs the tree, the elicitation of interests creates a common level through the mediator.
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