Prepare the lecture & speech in 10 steps: Skilfully formulate the manuscript

Lectures, speeches and greetings are a mixture of oral and written Communication. Many advisors recommend giving a free speech, but let's do it Honestly: Only true professionals are able to speak freely and convincingly for longer. And they, too, usually need a bullet-point manuscript like a frame.

The content matters

Let me start with three general comments:

1. Write and talk only about topics you know. At every speech the audience has a high expectation - you have to tell your listeners something they do not know yet. A lack of knowledge automatically leads to a loss of authority; At the latest in the questionnaire, non-experts will be revealed. Always focus on where you are well-versed.
2. Watch what you say. Which contents could be misunderstood? On which topics should the audience react sensitively? Which contents are (very) controversially discussed? You should avoid sensitive topics or those that are ambiguous or misunderstood.
3. Be personal. A good speaker not only speaks to the cause, but judges, comments, recommends and reports from his life. Through subjectivity a speech becomes human. So you have the courage to express your own theses and if necessary to provoke (a little) the audience.

Step 1: Answer the policy questions.

• First, be clear about some basic things - the following questions will help you:
• What is the speech?
• Which people (groups) are in the audience?
• What are the attitudes, experiences and prior knowledge of the audience?
• How many listeners are expected?
• How can I give them a benefit?
• Which lectures or speeches are there before, which afterwards?
• How long is the speaking time?
• Which speech goal do I have?

Step 2: Formulate the central message

A good Rede can be summed up in one sentence, which is also the central one message or reflects the motto. Your listeners should at least remember that. Here are three examples from well-known speeches:

• Winston Churchill: "I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat."
• Martin Luther King: "I have a dream!"
• Roman Herzog: “A jerk must go through Germany!”

You don't necessarily have to state the central message verbatim in your speech - but you should write down this one sentence and write it down on your monitor or somewhere else clear attach visibly. This way you always have an eye on what you want to achieve when formulating the speech.

Step 3: Formulate a gripping entry

The opening of the speech fulfills various Features. First of all, it should grab the attention of the audience. Then he should prepare the content of the main part - but only touch it, because a more detailed introduction to the topic will follow later with the introduction (see step 5). And finally, the introduction should make the listeners sympathetic to the content of the speech and the speaker. So put a lot of emphasis on getting started, because the first impression is crucial.

Here are some ways to start a speech: anecdotes, personal experiences and insights, constellation or horoscope (also Chinese horoscope), fables, Story, sagas, legends or myths, world records, unusual statistics, popular fallacies or historical events.

Step 4: Write a short greeting

In case you were wondering: Yes, I actually recommend starting without a greeting (just like step 3) and only then letting the official greeting follow. In this way you achieve a high level of attention. I call this the “James Bond effect” because with the 007 films the viewer is immediately drawn into the action and only after a few minutes do the opening credits follow. What the opening credits are in the cinema, the salutation is in the Lecture.

Even if it is difficult for you: If possible, greet no more than three people by name, otherwise you will dig a “name grave” right at the beginning and verlieren the attention again. It is better to mention other names in the course of the speech. Always check the correct pronunciation of names beforehand and make sure that you know the exact job title or function.

Step 5: Formulate a short introduction

We have learned that a good speech depends on the content. But at least as important is: A gripping entry that captivates the audience from the beginning! How to do that, I show here.

Perhaps the most important point here: name the topic of your speech, but don't use yours Opinions in advance. It is best if you present the topic – or the core thesis – as a question forms.

Step 6: Write the main part of your speech

Now it's on to the main part. Begin with the weakest argument, so as not to blow your guns, and end with the best and strongest argument. Overall, you should only bring up more than five arguments in exceptional cases, because the rule of thumb applies here: never more arguments than you have one Hand can count. Finally, you must always justify the arguments you present.

Repeat important statements. Because: Information is only really internalized if it is constantly repeated. One also speaks of the “suggestive power of redundancy”. Anyone who repeats his message with similar formulations, each time with new examples, will score with his Audience the best Effect. Also, don't be afraid to consciously say you're repeating yourself.

Step 7: Formulate a fulminant conclusion

Do not delay the conclusion for too long and do not announce the end of your speech in the sense of: "Before I come to the end of my speech, I would like to ..." Do not say "Thank you for your attention" in general, but end Your speech best with your motto.

Here are three ways you can finish your speech elegantly and in a way that will hang in the listeners:

• Make a reference to the beginning
• draw a conclusion or
• design a view, wish or vision.

Step 8: Spice up your speech

Content and entry are important in a speech, as well as formulating key messages. However, it should also be conclusive - so that the message also gets stuck with the audience. Spice it up a bit.

By "seasoning" it is meant that you revise your raw text so that your speech is entertaining and "light digestible”. Here are some specific recommendations: Nothing makes a speech more interesting than its brevity.

You therefore spice up your speech when you engage in waivers to practice. So think about which words, sentences and sections you can delete without having to sacrifice (essential) content.

Pay attention to the time form

Speeches are written in the present - and, of course, kept. Pay attention to short main phrases. You should definitely rewrite phrases that are longer than eight words. Equally taboo are subordinate clauses - they have lost nothing in a speech.

Delete all subject and foreign words. If this is not possible, explain it - without the teacher's finger - when using it for the first time.

Bring examples

“Let me base my statements on an example: One of ours customers launched our product XY last year…” Tell stories. This is one of the most effective Methods, to inspire listeners and to make content understandable.

Because stories help unite the bare facts Sinn to rent. The more emotional the story, the better, because the facts will be kept the better. (“In 1867, Jan Winkman made a terrible discovery…”)

Step 9: Create a redemancript

Now it is time to review all statements, figures and sources. The same applies above all to the named names, offices and functions. Also reassure yourself about the meaning and pronunciation of foreign words and proper names.

Prepare your speech manuscript and, if possible, give it to an expert for review. Use a large font size and a large line spacing for the speech manuscript. In addition, number the pages and staple the sheets together so that there is no “accident”.

Step 10: Prepare yourself for a discussion

Also deal with the question: “What arguments could critic or bring up opponents?" So anticipate possible objections and think about answers to them.

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