BAföG: Crediting of income & assets

The BAföG is intended to provide you with financial support for the duration of your studies if you do not have your own funds. On the other hand, if you have a job or have a fortune, you no longer need BAföG.

How are income and assets calculated?

The same applies to parents and spouses: according to civil law, they are obliged to support you during your Vocational Training to maintain financially. Only when these are theirs engagement cannot comply (e.g. also because the burden must remain reasonable), the BAföG comes into play.

The amount of your individual BAföG is determined if your own allowance is taken into account from the requirement rate applicable to you Income and assets as well as the income of your spouse and your parents are deducted. In this way, your individual subsidy amount is calculated.

If you are married, but neither your income and assets nor the income of your spouse is sufficient to cover your needs, your parents' income is also included in on account included.

exceptions

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In some circumstances, the parents' income can not be included in the calculation (dependent on the parents). However, your own income and assets as well as yours are always charged.

In order to determine the reasonable burden, assets and income are first ascertained. Then certain exemptions are deducted from the determined income, fortunately fortunes and income are not fully and completely calculated.

The amount remaining for this calculation shows the assets / income accrued to BAföG.

assets

If you want to apply for BAföG, you may only have certain assets within certain limits (freedoms). Consideration is given to the property that you have on the day of the application. However, you are obliged to notify changes to the BAföG Office immediately.

Attention: The BAföG asset credit is only about your assets, but any assets of your parents or spouse are not taken into account. However, interest income counts for both you and yours Family to income, so caution is advised here.

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Assets within the meaning of the BAföG are “all movable and immovable property, claims and other rights” and also the following assets, for which special regulations apply in some cases:

• Home and real estate, savings accounts and securities: For residential property, you can apply for a hardship claim, which is not considered as a property. This is when you live the apartment / house itself and the living space is not unreasonably large. There are regional and local differences, in general 45 square per person, 10 square per additional person is allowed - according to the Social Code.
• Security deposit: It does not matter if it is deposited in the name of the landlord or landlord - rent deposit will be regarded as your assets, although legally disputed. In special cases, you can apply in advance for a deposit which is not counted as a hardship.
• Asset-effective services (VL), premium and home savings contracts: 90% (change 2002!) Is calculated as a fortune. But: If you submit your BAföG application always the full amount, the office calculates how much is calculated. If, however, you can prove that you would incur large losses if you terminate the savings contract, this may be taken into account on request
• Capital-forming life insurance: Your settlement amount is the repurchase value. If this is lower than the premiums you have paid up to now, this asset may be disregarded by the severity rule
• Money created by others on your account: Also, the money that parents or grandparents have created in your account counts as a fortune, even if you did not know about it. It should not be concealed under any circumstances, because the BAföG office learns from such accounts by data comparison.
• Rights to pensions: If you receive pensions, pensions, transitional benefits or other recurring benefits, you are in luck: these are not considered assets.
• Usufruct rights, household items: This includes all things and equipment that you need for daily needs. Specifically: Household items are moveable items that are intended for furnishing the home, running the household and for family life. These include furniture, household appliances, linen and crockery, musical instruments, radio and television sets.
• Passenger cars: Cars and similar are allowed to BAföG-receivers and are not counted as assets within certain limits. In the case of the unemployment allowance II (Hartz IV), an appropriate vehicle is defined as not being allowed to cost more than 5000 €. This sum can be a guideline for BAföG recipients, although exceptions are possible. If you buy a car first and then submit a BAföG application, this is quite legal, this asset is then not calculated. Note: You must be the owner of the car, because you might be under the impression that you bought the car for someone else and get the money back later. Your parents may, however, take over the insurance.

How high can your assets be?

If you apply for BAföG, you may also have assets. However: Only 5200 euros may be in your account in total, including long-term savings contracts, which you cannot currently access without losing interest. Because: The state stipulates that you fully surrender your assets Financing use in their education.

You may have a little more if you are married or already have children: Both for your spouse and for each child your allowance increases by 1.800 Euro.

Calculation examples:

Your assets will be invoiced as follows: From your monthly requirement, ie the BAföG, that you receive each month, the amount is deducted when the amount exceeding the limit is divided by the number of calendar months of the grant period becomes.

For example: They are alone without a child, so they have a freeze of 5200. Your assets are 6400 Euro, so you have a surplus of 1200 Euro. This is divided by 12, ie 100 is deducted from BAföG per month.

Please do not cheat

If you have used up your assets, the BAföG is, of course, recalculated, you also make a new application every year. And: Fortunately, only your assets, but not those of your parents or your spouse, will be charged.

By the way: It is better not to cheat with your information, because the BAföG office can compare this with the Federal Office for Finance based on the exemption orders that you have given to the banks for your assets.

Help too much money in the account - and where to?

Attention: You can not simply give away your surplus assets or pass them on to third parties. There is also no deadline, before which would be still okay. You can reduce your assets only legally by buying household items, a car, etc.

hardship cases

Hardening means that, in special cases, an asset remains free of incurring charges which is higher than the traditional asset value. For this you must submit a separate application. For example, you can make such an application for home ownership, namely, if you live the apartment / house itself and the living space is not unreasonably large.

There are regional and local differences, in general, 45 sqm per person, 10 sqm are allowed for each additional person - as prescribed by the Social Code. Even with the rent deposit or life insurance you can apply in special cases advance that this is not counted as hardship case.

Which income is calculated?

The calculation basis for the income that is credited to the BAföG is usually the sum of the positive income within the meaning of Section 2 (1) and (2) of the Income Tax Act. Unlike the income of the parents, this is about that Money, that she to earn or are expected to earn while you receive BAföG - the so-called approval period.

There are different types of income, each of which is treated differently and to which there are different exemptions. Here is an overview:

Work alongside

Income from holiday and secondary jobs must be indicated in all cases against the Office for Promoting Education. However, you can deduct the income and church tax, sums fixed for lump sum social security (in particular, sickness, unemployment and pension insurance) as well as the age relief amount.

In the case of self-employed condominiums or detached houses, the amounts taken into account as special expenses under the Income Tax Act are deducted. Only when your secondary income is adjusted in this manner does the income in the sense of BAföG result.

Free allowance after training

This income is, however, only calculated if it is above certain freedoms. The exemptions are dependent on the training facility.

• School:: Fach- and Fachoberschule classes, whose attendance does not require a completed vocational training, as well as secondary, general education schools and vocational colleges - allowance 112 € per month
• School: Fachoberschule classes whose attendance requires a completed vocational training, evening secondary schools, vocational training schools and evening primary schools gross extra charge - free allowance 153 € per month
• School: Universities, academies, higher technical colleges, colleges, evening grammar schools and technical school classes, whose attendance requires a completed vocational training - deduction 215 € per month

By the way: The amounts are annual averages, which means that you can offset a higher income in one month with lower or no income in another month of the grant period.

Self-employed activity alongside

If you don't have a job on your tax card, but work independently on a fee basis, your profit (not your income!) will be credited to your BAföG. You cannot deduct income-related expenses, but you can Taxes and business expenses that reduce your bottom line.

In addition, you can deduct 21,5% from your self-employed income as a social flat rate, as well as special expenses, for example if you own your own home and for it expenditure have. As with a “permanent” job, everything that is above certain allowances is then taken into account each month. The amount of the allowance depends on the type of training facility.

Vacancies for self-employment after training

• School:: Fach- and Fachoberschule classes, whose attendance does not require a completed vocational training, as well as secondary, general education schools and vocational colleges - allowance 112 € per month
• School: Fachoberschule classes whose attendance requires a completed vocational training, evening secondary schools, vocational training schools and evening primary schools gross extra charge - free allowance 153 € per month
• School: Universities, academies, higher technical colleges, colleges, evening grammar schools and technical school classes, whose attendance requires a completed vocational training - deduction 215 € per month

The amounts are annual averages, which means that you can offset a higher income in one month with lower or no income in another month of the grant period.

interest income

Interest is also regarded as income and is added to income without any special exemptions. If you have very high interest rates, you should assume that you have too much assets to get BAföG.

Incidentally, it is to be assumed that the BAföG Office checks the amount of your interest income through a data comparison with the financial office (exemption order).

orphan's pension

As a student of vocational schools and specialist classes whose attendance does not require a completed vocational training, you can receive 153 € per month from your orphan's pension or your orphan's allowance without charge - anything that goes beyond this is calculated. If they belong to another group, such as a student, 112 € will remain unaffected.

Pay for training or internships

If you do not take a job in the holidays but an internship, which is compulsory in the course of studies, and you get money for it, then this is fully applied to your needs, as it is directly related to your education. This also applies to

• Training grants and similar benefits from public funds
• Aid granted by public funding for this purpose
• If, on the other hand, you are doing an internship that is not prescribed, this is treated as a normal income.

Maintenance of the permanently separated or divorced spouse.

These funds will also be charged to your assets in full without any deductions and other deductions

What does not count as income

There are different types of income which do not qualify as income within the meaning of the BAföG and therefore are not included:

• Money from the parents, eg as a maintenance fee for study support (but not assets that are stored on your account)
• child benefit
• Basic pensions and severely injured supplementary allowances under the German Federal Law on Supply, or according to the laws which are subsequently applied
• Money that corresponds to the basic rent and the severely damaged supplementary allowance according to the Federal Law on Supply
• Pensions for victims of Nazi persecution
• Income intended for a purpose other than to cover the need for life
• Your income if you have family

Children or husband

If you have to provide children and / or a man with them, because they do not have their own income, children and husbands also increase their allowances for their income, ie the amounts that you can earn without cutting BAföG.

For each of your children, an allowance of 435 EURO will be granted, unless the child is in an eligible education. The same applies to a spouse - here you have 480 € free. However, possible income of the spouse is counted on your funding, but there are also freedoms.

Children's allowance, which you get for your children, does not count as income.

Special hardness

To avoid undue hardship, you can submit a special application, but before the end of the approval period, after which a further part of your income can remain exempt. Condition: This money is for special Costs of training that are not covered by the requirement rate.

However, you can get a maximum of 205 € a month as a free allowance.

Parent-dependent promotion

In principle, the income of the parents is also included in the calculation of your BAföG. The BAföG Office generally calculates income in the penultimate calendar year before the start of the period of approval. The basis for this are the

Findings made by the financial authorities in the present tax registers of income recipients.

If the current income is expected to be significantly lower than the regular basis of the income calculation (eg if a parent becomes unemployed or retires), an update application can be submitted.

Which income of the parents is involved?

Calculation basis is normally the sum of the positive income within the meaning of § 2 Abs. 1 and 2 of the Income Tax Act. The income tax and church tax, as a general rule, are fixed for social security (in particular, sickness, unemployment and pension insurance) as well as the age-relief amount.

In the case of self-occupied condominiums or single-family houses, special expenses can also be claimed.

As with your income, special rules apply to the independence of parents. The income also includes rents, interest income, etc. More information under “What income is counted towards?” The resulting amount is the income within the meaning of the BAföG.

Absolute permissions

The income of the parents in the sense of the BAföG remain monthly free of charges:

• for parents, married and living together: 1.440 Euro
• for a parent, alone: ​​960 Euro
• for a boot: 480 Euro
• for children and other dependent persons who are not eligible for training: 435 Euro

Relative freedoms

After deduction of absolute allowances, 50% for the parents and 5% for each child are deducted from the remaining monthly income of the parents as defined by BAföG.

What remains now is the amount that your parents can spend on the financing of their education!

If you have siblings

The above-mentioned child allowances apply, of course, only if your siblings financially burden their parents, for example through training. If this is not the case, for example, because your siblings work or are independent of the parents, the exemptions will be removed accordingly.

If your siblings are educated according to the BAföG or § 59 SGB III, the amount of the salary will be divided equally between you and your siblings.

Parental leave to parents

If your parents refuse to pay for you financially, you may receive training funding as advance payment. In this case, your claim to your parents will be transferred to the respective federal state up to the amount of the expenses incurred. This will then pick up the money from your parents.

Special hardness

On special request (before the end of the period of authorization!), Another part of the parent income can remain free of charge if special cases of hardship occur during the period of authorization:

• extraordinary charges pursuant to §§ 33 to 33b of the Income Tax Act
• Expenses for disabled persons who are subject to the condition of income under civil law
• If this rule is applied, then you are valid for the entire period of approval and you will get money retroactively.

Parent-independent support

You also have the opportunity to be encouraged without the income of your parents being counted. In these cases, your income and assets and, if applicable, your spouse's income will be taken into account.

However, to apply for this, you must meet one of the following conditions:

• You will visit an evening gymnasium or college
• The whereabouts of your parents are unknown, or they live abroad and are legally or actually prevented from providing you with financial support for your education
• If you have completed a three-year vocational qualification before starting your apprenticeship, you have been working for at least three years. In the case of a shorter training, the employment must be correspondingly longer, so that a total of at least six years always come together. However: If your education was longer than three years, you still have to work for at least three years.
• If you are years or older at the beginning of the 30 training section (please note the age regulation for BAföG promotion here).
• If you are after the 18. Birthday five years or more

A note on gainful employment: the condition for crediting is not only that you have worked, but also that you have been able to get away from the work wage itself. By the way, the defense or civilian service is also regarded as a time of job-securing employment.

Income of the spouse

If you are married, the income of your spouse is also included in your invoice, namely in the penultimate calendar year before the application is submitted (this is determined by the Tax Offices of the Tax Office).

However, there are also certain allowances Your spouse is allowed to earn 960 € per month without charge. If you have children, the allowance increases again by 435 € per child per month.

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