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By Simone Janson (More) • Last updated on October 30.11.2009, XNUMX • First published on 30.11.2009/XNUMX/XNUMX • So far 12485 readers, 6755 social media shares Likes & Reviews (5 / 5) • Read & write comments
The Health insurance In contrast to a normal job, mini-jobs, the so-called 400-euro jobs, are not partly taken on by the employee. What options does a mini-jobber have to insure himself?
Recently the question was raised in the forum, whether the merit for Minijobs is calculated for the whole year or monthly. Since the topic is somewhat more complicated, minijobs have written their own blog post on the topic of income limit.
Only over his Minijobb you can not insure yourself. You still need an insurable main job as an employee or self-employed person. Or you are insured in the family insurance!
In addition to an insurance job requiring 400-Euro, a single 400 Eurojob is also possible, which in this case can still be billed by the employer on a flat-rate basis.
However, if several mini-jobs are carried out in addition to a main job, all of them are added to the main job. Employers and employees then pay all taxes that are also incurred in a “normal” employment relationship. If the total amount of the remuneration paid is not higher than 800 euros, the midijob rule applies - see below.
The employees do not pay any taxes. The employers pay 25 percent flat-rate contributions, and in the case of minijobs in private households even 12 percent. Employers and employers have the same labor obligations as their other employees compared to their marginal employees.
This applies, for example, continued pay, paid leave and continued pay on holiday. The lump-sum fees for mini-jobs are only paid to a central office - the mini-job center in Essen.
It is possible to practice several minijobs simultaneously, but not with the same employer. The merits of all the occupations are aggregated. They may not be over 400 Euro.
As soon as the limit is exceeded, social insurance contributions are due for the entire merit and are, for example, expelled from student health insurance. If someone has two minijobs, it may be possible to make a slight increase in the wage to 401 Euro or more to the midijob (see below).
If an independent activity is carried out as a minjob, ie with a merit up to 400 Euro, this is insurant. If you earn more than 400 Euro yourself, you must voluntarily insure your health.
Anyone who works one or more mini-jobs in addition to their self-employed activity must observe the same regulations as for mini-jobs alongside their main occupation (see above under 3.). If a self-employed and non-self-employed activity with 400 euros each is carried out next to each other, the same rules apply as for several mini-jobs, i.e. one activity should become the main activity.
If self-employed and non-self-employed activity are carried out side by side and you earn more than 400 Euro with both, the main activity is earned more.
Jobs with a merit from 400,01 to 800,00 Euro (for one or more jobs together) are midijobs for which lower social insurance contributions are calculated. The social contributions to be paid by the employee begin with 4% (as of 401 EUR / month) and rise linearly up to the full share of 21% at 800 EUR Arbeitsvergelt.
This rule does not apply if the secondary job is exercised with a work allowance from 400 to 800 EUR in addition to a main pension obligation of more than 800 EUR. The full social insurance contributions of employers and employees are then payable for both employments.
The assessment basis for the employee contribution is not that salary, but an amount calculated according to a specific formula. The employee can voluntarily top up his or her pension contributions in order to receive a higher one afterwards pension to obtain.
As an employer, you pay a flat-rate amount for Social Security for Minijober if the employee is compulsorily, voluntarily or family-insured in statutory health insurance.
For mini -jobbers, who are privately insured by the sick, the lump-sum contribution to the health insurance is not!
The answer to this question is: Nothing! If you employ an insurance-free 400 Euro Minijobber, you will continue to pay a lump-sum contribution to the statutory health insurance amounting to 13 percent of your salary.
Of course only if the employee is compulsorily, voluntarily or family-insured in the statutory health insurance. The lump-sum contribution therefore also applies to persons who already pay health insurance contributions up to the limit of the contributions due to their main employment.
This is also the case: minijobbers, who were not previously insured by the sick. Because at the beginning of the year 2009 all sick people must now insure themselves. This group of people also includes Minijobber!
In official German this means: The health reform, which came into force in April 2007, provides that people who have no other entitlement to coverage in the event of illness and who were most recently covered by statutory health insurance or have not previously been covered by statutory or private health insurance and are not self-employed full-time or who do not have health insurance, or would be exempt from insurance when exercising their professional activity in Germany, are subject to health (and thus also care) insurance.
Responsible for the health insurance protection is the statutory health insurance company with the last one Insurance existed, even if this insurance dates back decades. If the original health insurance no longer exists, the legal successor is responsible. Insurance in the statutory health insurance scheme is out of the question for those who were previously privately insured. They are covered by private health insurance.
If you have never been legally or privately insured by your health, the health insurance company can choose freely. Exception: Officials or self-employed persons. These must apply to private health insurance. Non-insured persons who are not or no longer covered by health insurance may also belong to the population of non-insured persons. The competent health insurance company is responsible for determining whether there is a liability to insure as yet uninsured.
Mini-jobbers who are subject to compulsory insurance as a result of the new legal regulation must therefore take care of their health insurance and inform their employer of this. If you don't do that and get caught later, you have to pay all contributions retrospectively since January 1st, 2009 - that can be quite steep, depending on how long the period is.
In return, employers whose minijobbers who are subject to insurance under the new statutory health insurance scheme in the statutory health and long-term care insurance should point out that they must turn to their competent health insurance fund.
Deutsche Rentenversicherung points out that pupils must in principle pay the same taxes as normal employees. However, those who only use the summer holidays to work are engaged in short-term employment. Then no contributions have to be paid out of this employment, no matter how high the merit is.
“Short-term” employment is always present if it does not exceed a total of two months or fifty working days in the current year. It must be determined from the outset that it will no longer be.
If the employment lasts longer, so it is also regularly worked outside of the holidays, it remains insurable if it is a minijob. Here, the whole year can be earned monthly up to 400 Euro without paying pension contributions. This is done by the employer who pays a lump sum for pension and health insurance.
Employers in private households can rejoice. From January 1, 2009, they can deduct 400 percent of the total expenditure from their income tax to be paid for a marginally paid employee or 10-euro mini-jobber in a private household, instead of the previous 20 percent. This provides the “Act for the Promotion of Family and household-related services”, which the Federal Council approved on Friday, December 19, 2008.
From the 1. January 2009 pay employers for a slightly salaried employee in the private household 14,27 per cent of the contributions of the minijob wage. Due to the new legal regulation, they can then deduct 20 per cent of the total expenses, but a maximum of 565 euros per year, directly from their tax credit. This gave an even greater incentive for employers to register their budgetary aid at the Minijob headquarters and thus to employ them legally.
For example, if a household is earning 320 euros a month, the employer pays 45,66 euros per month for taxes. If the tax advantages are opposed to this, the employer will be charged a monthly extra charge of only 3,16 Euro.
Simone Janson is publisher, Consultant and one of the 10 most important German bloggers Blogger Relevance Index. She is also head of the Institute's job pictures Yourweb, with which she donates money for sustainable projects. According to ZEIT owns her trademarked blog Best of HR – Berufebilder.de® to the most important blogs for careers, professions and the world of work. More about her im Career. All texts by Simone Janson.
Exactly on Minjobs I have long been looking for suitable posts, thank you very much!
It is not true that self employed must have a private health insurance. This is a myth that goes around in Germany but all self employed people I know have public health insurance. I hope the article will be corrected because it's misleading.
Thank you, but it doesn't say self employed need a private health insurance.
Hello! I need help..
With a € 450 job, you pay attention to the monthly salary (€ 450) or the € 5400 per year (12 × € 450)?
In other words, can I earn 100 € in January, 500 € in February, then 750 € in March, and 450 € in the remaining months? Also results in 5400 €.
Hallo,
I think you can inquire about that at the mini job center - before I say something wrong now.
Regards
As a small business owner, I would like to employ someone on a € 100,00 basis. Where do I have to register this - who can help me ????
Hello Romy,
I would ask directly at the minijob center. Unfortunately, we are not allowed to provide legal advice in individual cases,
Hallo,
I make an 6 full-time internship and earn 450 € per month. I am not registered with the employment office and must therefore voluntarily insure myself. Because of my 450 € almost only half left. If I ask my employer to increase the wage to 451 €, I still have to pay so much KV? And what will change for my employer?
Kind regards and thank you.
Hello Lisi, I must also say to you: We can not give legal advice in individual cases, but your question has already been treated in several places.
Minijob, midijob, etc. from 2013
For you particularly important: health insurance - but how?
Here is 35 further contributions to the topic.
Incidentally, if there is too little money left after the deduction of the KV, it is also possible to increase the amount of HartzIV.
Hello Mrs. Janson,
my question. At the moment I have a permanent 400 Euro job. Incidentally, I work freelance and earn on average 700 Euro. I would like to announce my 400 Euro job also with several minijobs that I execute freelance (I look after 4 families) Social and health insurance?
Greetings Kati
Hello Kati, we may not give legal advice in individual cases, but your question has already been treated in several places. Please do not confuse a minijob with self-employment, which is insured differently. In addition to this post, which I hope you have read carefully, I would like to mention more to you:
Minijob, midijob, etc. from 2013
For you particularly important: health insurance - but how?
Here is 35 further contributions to the topic.
Good morning Mrs Janson. I have a short question: Have I as a minijobber, who earns less than 400 € monthly, entitled to health insurance grants? If so, how should I apply?
Thanks in advance
Best regards
Pierpaolo
Hello Pierpaolo,
you can find some articles here:
Hallo,
if someone is taxed, is in the pension procedure, has logged out of the Alg 1 reference and has now accepted a minijob with waiving insurance (14,9 h weekly).
What should he be aware of, or what are his obligations, he must report everything, (health insurance for pensioners (DRD), DRV) or is the report to the minijobzentrale by the AG?
I'm looking forward to an answer.
MfG Gisella
Hello Gisella,
the legal services law unfortunately forbids me to answer detailed legal questions in individual cases. Sorry.
Hallo,
I would be glad if you can answer my question! I have accepted an 24 hour job so I do not have to pay health insurance contributions as a self-employed person. Now the health insurance company tells me that I must give my income from the independence.
Who can give me information? Do I have to pass on this information? Is my income subject to health insurance or social insurance?
Thank you and mfG
BCC
'Hello.
what is an 24-hour Jobe? In the week, in the month, in the day?
Just do the search - I've written something about that here. Ultimately, it depends on how much you earn where and where you work more:
For that, I had the postponed jobben while studying: In which, under which conditions one can stay despite the job in the student health insurance (which is still going on at your age, unless you are already studying 14 subject, not university students) and when you must voluntarily insure yourself.
Unfortunately, you have to look for the rest: For legal reasons, I can not make legal advice in individual cases. Otherwise I would go directly to the individual cases.
Sorry!
yes already clear, I also meant that the KV PV must be paid from own pocket
No, that's in the text. Please read carefully under "Mini-job with gross earnings up to 400 euros per month":
"The employees do not pay any taxes ..."
Hello Mrs. Janson, I have a fictional question.
Assuming a student wants to go to work, and is no longer family insurance (health insurance), would like to go home from the job with as much money as possible. Is an 400 € job (minijob) better, or a midijob with 401 €?
I'm fictitious about the money, which after KV (Minijob) deduction or after the legal deductions (Midijob) remains.
Many Thanks.
Hi Mark,
in principle you have to pay a minijob just no charges. However, it depends again on which jobs you have and how you are insured, which could only be the subject of a detailed consultation. There is also an article on the topic of job-related studies and insurance:
assumed it was a full-time student, 27 years old. normal sick as a student, and the boss offers the possibility minijob or midijob. where would the student get more money?
do I see this correctly?
at minijob there would be 400 € of which the KV and PV would be paid
at midijob it would be approximately 360 € however, however, since the KV PV RV and AV had already been eradicated
Hello Damaris,
apart from the fact that I have not understood your question (social insurance is one thing, tax different): I may not answer your question unfortunately due to the law service law.
Maybe a trade union, a professional association or the mini-job center can help.
Sorry.
Simone Janson
Hello!
I have correctly understood, if I would like 2 or several 400 eurojobs. Can I take responsibility for social insurance if I voluntarily pay the tax and other insurance myself, so I would like to avoid as black sheep? Is that possible?
I am looking forward to a response.
Kind regards and a nice Sunday,
Damaris
Hello Mrs. Eggers,
I can not give advice in individual cases, and therefore I can only make a general attempt to make an explanation:
Clearly, the legislature foreseen how to meet the health insurance requirement:
(The rated contributions are, however, from 2009, possibly not all more current ..)
However, what is not planned is that you deserve so blatantly little. It would then presumably assume that the people still working black next to (just to make the thought behind such laws times to clarify).
In this case, however, this possibility:
Overall, a problematic issue, because the social insurance regulations around light years behind the reality lag!
gruß
Simone Janson
Hello, have a question. What can a young woman from Latvia (already 2 years in Germany) take to be finally insured. She works as an independent cleaning agent (with trade license) and earns about 100,00 EURO monthly. Her husband is also not insured and does not work at the moment.
Since there is a health insurance obligation in Germany, there must also be a possibility to meet them.
Thank you LG erika eggers
Hello! I am already “controlled” by my health insurance company (no more sick pay) and ALG 1 will expire in two weeks. I submitted an application for a disability pension, which is currently in the opposition proceedings. I don't get HartzIV either, because I own a small rented apartment (rental income around 200 euros) that I bought when I was good. Will I still get at least a subsidy for my health insurance from the consortium?
Hello E. Müller,
due to the law service law, I am unfortunately not allowed to answer any legal questions in the individual case, but this also does not. Here, however, you should find the answer to your question:
gruß
Simone Janson
If I want / have to take out voluntary health insurance, my children are insured through me, do I have a mini-job, is it possible to top up the mini-job so that, after deducting the KV contribution, I am back to € 400? Or am I already in the midi job area?
Thank you,
Daniela
Hello Daniela,
Thank you for your inquiry. This is again a case study, which I am not allowed to answer because of the law service law.
Basically, according to my knowledge, everyone who earns between 400 and 800 Euro in the midijob area.
And children are basically free of charge.
In case of doubt, the hotline of the Minijob headquarters may help with such questions:
Hello Aseret,
thanks for the hint. I have no idea whether this will work in your case (and unfortunately I am not allowed to provide legal advice) - but have you read this post:
Maybe this helps?
gruß
Simone Janson
Unfortunately, the ARGE does not always pay. I'm currently doing an (unpaid) internship - I don't get any benefits. So no health insurance either - I have to pay for it myself.
Yes, the whole subject is not easy. I know from my own experience
Michael
In the meantime, everyone in Germany is obliged to take out health insurance:
An overview of the health insurance obligation can be found here:
What does it look like if you only have to live from a mini-job (400 Euro) and you just pay rent and can buy food?
Can not be that you then is not even insured. Someone has to take over, if you can not afford it yourself, right? Do you have to go to work, or how does it work?
Thanks and regards
Isabella
—–
Sure, the sowge pays. My son has also done this many years before he finally made the leap into independence. So do not worry, the Arge helps them.
Unfortunately, I can not give legal advice in individual cases. For further information please contact the employment agency or the responsible ARGE.
What does it look like if you only have to live from a mini-job (400 Euro) and you just pay rent and can buy food?
Can not be that you then is not even insured. Someone has to take over, if you can not afford it yourself, right? Do you have to go to work, or how does it work?
Thanks and regards
Isabella
Stands in the first sentence.
In all other respects, I explicitly point out that I am not allowed to provide legal advice, but only to provide information.
You write that as a mini jobber, I cannot take out health insurance ...
But if I voluntarily assure myself, or do I see something wrong?
LG
Bernd
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